جان ديزيريه گوستاڤ كوربيه (بالفرنسية: Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet، النطق الفرنسي: [ɡystav kuʁbɛ]؛ عاشعشرة يونيو1819 - 31 ديسمبر 1877)، هورسام فرنسي تزعم الحركة الواقعية في الرسم الفرنسي في القرن التاسع عشر. حلت الحركة الواقعية محل الحركة الرومانسية (من أشهرها لوحات تيودور جيريكوواوجين دلاكروا) ومدرسة باربيزون والإنطباعيون. شغل كوربيه مكانة مرموقة في الرسم الفرسين في القرن التاسع عشر كمبدع وفنان يتقن تجسيد أبرز الأحداث الاجتماعية في أعماله.

الواقعية

استوديوالفنان

سوء السمعة

النفي والوفاة

التأثير

تلاميذه

• هنري فانتان-لاتور
• هكتور هانوتو
• اولاف إيزاكسن

معارض شهيرة

عقد معرض لأعماله عام 1882 عام في كلية الفنون الجميلة.

معرض الصورة

• پورتريه ذاتي مع كلب أسود، 1842

• Bather Sleeping by a Brook, 1845, oil on canvas, The Detroit Institute of Arts

• The man with a pipe Self-portrait, 1848-49

• The kill of deer, 1867, Museum of Art, Besançon.

• The Hammock, 1844

• Zélie Courbet, 1847

• Portrait of Charles Baudelaire, 1848-1849

• The Stone Breakers, 1849

• After Dinner at Ornans, 1849

• Farmers of Flagey on the Return From the Market, 1850, Museum of Art, Besançon.

• Portrait of Alfred Bruyas, 1854

• The Meeting ("Bonjour, Monsieur Courbet"), 1854, Fabre Museum, Montpellier

• The Rock of Ten Hours (to Ornans), 1855

• The Pont Ambroix Languedoc, 1857

• Louis Guéymard(1822–1880) as Robert le Diable, 1857, Metropolitan Museum of Art

• Les Bas Blancs, (Woman with White Stockings), ca 1861 (Barnes Foundation)

• Femme nue couchée, 1862

• The Trellis, 1862, Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio

• Portrait of Countess Karoly 1865

• Proudhon and his children, 1865

• Sea Coast in Normandy, 1867

• The Bather, 1868, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

• The Source, 1868

• The Wave, 1870

• Cliffs at Etretat, After the Storm, 1870

• Paul Verlaine, c. 1871

• Stream in the Jura Mountains (The Torrent), 1872-3, Honolulu Museum of Art

• Mountain landscape with fruit trees in Ornans, 1873

• Gustave Courbet Les Gorges du Saillon, 1875, oil on canvas

• The Castle of Blonay, c 1875

• Entrée d'un gave (Source of a Mountain Stream), 1876, held at the Birmingham Museum of Art

• Landscape, 1876, المعرض الوطني للفن الأجنبي

انظر أيضاً

• تاريخ الرسم
• الأعمال المفقودة
• الرسم الغربي

الهوامش

المصادر

• Champfleury, Les Grandes Figures d’hier et d’aujourd’hui (Paris, 1861)
• Chu, Petra ten Doesschate. Courbet in Perspective. (Prentice Hall, 1977) ASIN B000OIFL3E
• Chu, Petra ten Doesschate and Gustave Courbet. Letters of Gustave Courbet. (Chicago: Univ Chicago Press, 1992) ISBN 0-226-11653-0
• Chu, Petra ten Doesschate. The Most Arrogant Man in France: Gustave Courbet and the Nineteenth-Century Media Culture. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007) ISBN 0-691-12679-8
• Clark, Timothy J., Image of the People: Gustave Courbet and the 1848 Revolution, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999); (Originally published 1973. Based on his doctoral dissertation along with The Absolute Bourgeois: Artists and Politics in France, 1848-1851), 208pp. ISBN 978-0-520-21745-4. (Considered the definitive treatment of Courbet's politics and painting in 1848, and a foundational text of Marxist art history).
• Danto, Arthur (January 23, 1989). "Courbet". The Nation: 97–100.
• Faunce, Sarah, Gustave Courbet, and Linda Nochlin. Courbet Reconsidered. ([Brooklyn, N.Y.]: Brooklyn Museum, 1988) ISBN 0-300-04298-1
• Fischer, Matthias, Der junge Hodler. Eine Künstlerkarriere 1872-1897, Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2009. ISBN 978-3-907142-30-1
• Forster-Hahn, Françoise, et al., Spirit of an Age: Nineteenth-Century Paintings From the Nationalgalerie, Berlin (London: National Gallery Company, 2001) ISBN 1-85709-981-8
• Hutchinson, Mark, "The history of 'The Origin of the World'", Times Literary Supplement, Aug. 8, 2007.
• Lindsay, Jack. Gustave Courbet his life and art. Publ. Jupiter Books (London) Limited 1977.
• Lemonnier, C, Les Peintres de la Vie (Paris, 1888).
• Mantz, "G. Courbet," Gaz. des beaux-arts (Paris, 1878)
• Masanès, Fabrice, Gustave Courbet (Cologne: Taschen, 2006) ISBN 3-8228-5683-5
• Nochlin, Linda, Courbet, (London: Thames & Hudson, 2007) ISBN 978-0-500-28676-0
• Nochlin, Linda, Realism: Style and Civilization (New York: Penguin, 1972).
• Noël, Bernard, Dictionnaire de la Commune (Paris: Champs Flammarion, 1978)
• Schwabsky, Barry (March 24, 2008). "Daring Intransigence". The Nation: 28–34.
• Zola, Émile, Mes Haines (Paris, 1879)

قراءات إضافية

Monographs on the art and life of Courbet have been written by Estignard (Paris, 1874), D'Ideville, (Paris, 1878), Silvestre in Les artistes français, (Paris, 1878), Isham in Van Dyke's Modern French Masters (New York, 1896), Meier-Graefe, Corot and Courbet, (Leipzig, 1905), Cazier (Paris, 1906), Riat, (Paris, 1906), Muther, (Berlin, 1906), Robin, (Paris, 1909), Benedite, (Paris, 1911) and Lazár Béla (Paris, 1911). Consult also Muther History of Modern Painting, volume ii (London, 1896, 1907); Patoux, "Courbet" in Les artistes célèbres and La vérité sur Courbet (Paris, 1879); Le Men, Courbet (New York, 2008).

• Savatier, Thierry, El origen del mundo. Historia de un cuadro de Gustave Courbet. Ediciones TREA (Gijón, 2009) ISBN 978-84-9704-471-4
• Bond, Anthony, "Embodying the Real", Body. The Art Gallery of New South Wales (1997).
• Faunce, Sara, "Feminist In spite of Himself", Body. The Art Gallery of New South Wales (1997).

وصلات خارجية

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Gustave Courbet (category)

General

• Gallery of paintings by Gustave Courbet
• Berman, Avis "Larger than Life" Smithsonian magazine, April 2008
• Courbet images and biography at CGFA
• Humanities Web on Courbet
• Art Renewal Center; biography and images
• Union List of Artist Names, Getty Vocabularies. ULAN Full Record Display for Gustave Courbet. Getty Vocabulary Program, Getty Research Institute. Los Angeles, California.

Articles and essays

• in the Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool
• E-zine article on Gustave Courbet
• 1867 Caricature of Gustave Courbet by André Gill