قائمة حكام نيويورك

أندروكومو، الحاكم السادس والخمسون لنيويورك.

حاكم نيويورك هورئيس السلطة التطبيقية ل حكومة ولاية نيويورك والقائد-مع-الرئيس للحرس الوطني للولاية . على الحاكم واجب تطبيق قوانين الولاية لعقد الهيئة التشريعية في نيويورك,صلاحية الموافقة على نقض مشاريع قوانين أوإقرارها من قبل السلطة التشريعية, ومنح العفو، باستثناء حالات الخيانة والعزل.

خدم ستة وخمسون شخصًا كمحافظ ، أربعة منهم خدموا فترات غير متتالية ؛ يسرد الترقيم الرسمي جميع حاكم مرة واحدة فقط ، لذلك كان هناك رسميًا ستة وخمسون حاكمًا. ولم يكن هنالك حكام من الإناث. يضم هذا الترقيم حاكمًا بالوكالة: المحافظ الذي شغل المنصب بعد استنطقة الحاكم بموجب دستور 1777. لا تضم القائمة أولئك الذين عملوا كمحافظ عندما كان الحاكم خارج الولاية ، مثل الحاكم الملازم تيموثي ل. وودرف خلال حملة نائب الرئيس تيودور روزڤلت في عام 1900 ، أو رئيس مجلس ولاية نيويورك بالنيابة موسى م. وينشتاين ، الذي عمل كحاكم لمدةعشرة أيام في عام 1968 بينما كان الحاكم والمحافظ ونائب زعيم الأغلبية في مجلس الشيوخ خارج الولاية ، وحضر المؤتمر الوطني الجمهوري في ميامي.

أصبح أربعة رجال كرئيس الولايات المتحدة بعد حتى شغلوا منصب حاكم نيويورك: مارتن ڤان بيورن وگروڤر كليڤلاند وثيودور روزڤلت وفرانكلين روزڤلت ، وكان ستة منهم كنائب رئيس الولايات المتحدة. شغل ڤان بيورن وتيودور روزڤلت كلا المخطين. كان هناك محافظان كرئيس القضاة في الولايات المتحدة: جون جاي شغل هذا المنصب عندما انتخب حاكمًا عام 1795 ، وأصبح [تشارلز إيڤانز هيوز] رئيسًا للقضاة في عام 1930 ، بعد عقدين من مغادرته الحكم.

كان الحاكم الأطول خدمة هو، جورج كلينتون الأول ، الذي تولى منصبه لأول مرة في 30 يوليو1777 ، وخدم سبع فترات في فترتين مختلفتين ، بلغ مجموعهم أقل من 21 عامًا في منصبه. بما حتى 18 من تلك السنوات كانت متتالية ، فقد خدم كلينتون أيضًا أطول فترة متتالية في منصب حاكم ولاية نيويورك. كان لتشارلز پوليتي أقصر فترة خدمة قضى 29 يومًا بعد استنطقة الحاكم السابق هربرت ليمان في عام 1942. الحاكم الحالي هو الديمقراطي أندروكومو، الذي تولى منصبه في 1 يناير 2011.

الحكام

كانت نيويورك واحدة من ثلاثة عشر مستعمرة أصلية على الساحل الشرقي لأمريكا الشمالية ، وتم قبولها كدولة في 26 يوليو1788. وقبل إعلان استقلالها ، كانت نيويورك مستعمرة لمملكة بريطانيا العظمى ، التي حصلت عليها بدورها من هولندا باعتبارها مستعمرة نيونذرلاند ؛ انظر قوائم المحافظين الاستعماريين و المدراء العامين في نيونذرلاند لفترة ما قبل الدولة.

تم إنشاء مخط المحافظ بموجب دستور نيويورك الأول عام 1777. كانت خدمة الحاكم في الأصل لمدة ثلاث سنوات, على الرغم من حتى الدستور لم يحدد متى بدأ المصطلح. حدد قانون 1787 بداية الفترة في 1 يوليو. عدل المؤتمر الدستوري لولاية نيويورك لعام 1821 دستور الولاية ، وقلل مدة العضوية إلى عامين ، وتم نقل الانتخابات إلى نوفمبر ، ونقل بداية ونهاية المصطلح ليتزامن مع السنة التقويمية. مدد تعديل 1874 مدة المنصب إلى ثلاث سنوات,لكن دستور 1894 قلل المدة مرة أخرى إلى عامين. مدد دستور نيويورك الأخير لعام 1938 المدة إلى السنوات الأربع الحالية. ولا يوجد حد لعدد الفترات المتتالية التي قد يخدمها الحاكم.

ينص الدستور منذ عام 1777 على انتخاب نائب حاكم نيويورك ، وهو" بحكم منصبه" رئيسًا لمجلس الشيوخ ، نفس المدة (مع الحفاظ على نفس فترات الحاكم طوال جميع المراجعات الدستورية). في الأصل ، في حالة وفاة المحافظ أواستنطقته أوعزله ، يصبح الحاكم ملازمًا محافظًا حتى نهاية الفصل التشريعي السنوي ، ويتم شغل المنصب في انتخابات خاصة ، إذا كان هناك ما تظل من المدة. منذ دستور عام 1821 ، أصبح الحاكم المساعد صراحة حاكمًا على هذا المنصب الشاغر في المنصب ويعمل طوال المدة المتبقية من الولاية. إذا أصبح منصب الحاكم المساعد شاغرًا ، يؤدي الرئيس المؤقت لمجلس الشيوخ جميع مهام المحافظ إلى حتى يتم شغل الشاغر إما في انتخابات الحاكمية المقبلة أوعن طريق التعيين. وبالمثل ، إذا أصبح كلا المخطين شاغرين في نفس الوقت ، فإن الرئيس "مؤقتًا" يعمل كمحافظ ، مع بقاء مخط نائب الملازم شاغرًا. في حالة خلوالرئاسة "المؤقتة المؤقتة" ، أوشاغل الوظيفة غير قادر على أداء الواجبات ، فإن رئيس مجلس الدولة هوالتالي في خط الخلافة. يتم انتخاب الحاكم الملازم على نفس بطاقة الحاكم ، منذ انتخابات 1954 بصوت واحد مشهجر لكلا المنصبين ، ولكن يتم ترشيحه بشكل منفصل .

حكام ولاية نيويورك
No.		مدة الحكم	الحزب	الانتخاب	الحاكم الملازم
1	جورج كلنتون	July 30, 1777 – June 30, 1795	الجمهوري	1777		پيير ڤان كورتلاند
				1780
				1783
				1786
				1789
				1792
2	جون جاي	July 1, 1795 – June 30, 1801	الفدرالي	1795		ستيفين ڤان رينسيلار
2	جون جاي	July 1, 1795 – June 30, 1801	الفدرالي	1798		ستيفين ڤان رينسيلار
1	جورج كلنتون	July 1, 1801 – June 30, 1804	جمهوري	1801		جيرمي ڤان رينسلار
3	مورگان لويس	July 1, 1804 – يونيو30, 1807	جمهوري	1804		جون بروم (died August 8, 1810)
4	دانيل د. تومكنز	July 1, 1807 – February 24, 1817	جمهوري	1807
				1810
					Vacant
						John Tayler (acting from January 29, 1811)
						دويت كلنتون (elected May 2, 1811)
				1813		جون تايلر
				1816		جون تايلر
5	جون تايلر (ممثل)	February 24, 1817 – June 30, 1817	جمهوري	1816		فلتس سويفت (ممثل)
6	دويت كلنتون	July 1, 1817 – December 31, 1822	جمهوري	1817		جون تايلر
6	دويت كلنتون	July 1, 1817 – December 31, 1822	جمهوري	1820		جون تايلر
7	جوزبف سي. ياتيس	January 1, 1823 – December 31, 1824	جمهوري	1822		إراستس روت
6	دويت كلنتون	January 1, 1825 – February 11, 1828	جمهوري	1824		جيمس تلميدج الابن
6	دويت كلنتون	January 1, 1825 – February 11, 1828	جمهوري	1826		ناثانيل پتشر
8	ناثانيل پتشر	February 11, 1828 – December 31, 1828	جمهوري			پيتر أر . لڤنگستون (acting)
8	ناثانيل پتشر	February 11, 1828 – December 31, 1828	جمهوري			تشارلز دايان (acting from October 17, 1828)
9	Martin Van Buren	January 1, 1829 – March 12, 1829	Democratic	1828		Enos T. Throop
10	Enos T. Throop	March 12, 1829 – December 31, 1832	Democratic			Charles Stebbins (acting)
						William M. Oliver (acting)
				1830		Edward Philip Livingston
11	William L. Marcy	January 1, 1833 – December 31, 1838	Democratic	1832		John Tracy
				1834
				1836
12	William H. Seward	January 1, 1839 – December 31, 1842	Whig	1838		Luther Bradish
12	William H. Seward	January 1, 1839 – December 31, 1842	Whig	1840		Luther Bradish
13	William C. Bouck	January 1, 1843 – December 31, 1844	Democratic	1842		Daniel S. Dickinson
14	Silas Wright	January 1, 1845 – December 31, 1846	Democratic	1844		Addison Gardiner
15	John Young	January 1, 1847 – December 31, 1848	Whig	1846		Addison Gardiner
						Albert Lester (acting)
						Hamilton Fish
16	Hamilton Fish	January 1, 1849 – December 31, 1850	Whig	1848		George W. Patterson
17	Washington Hunt	January 1, 1851 – December 31, 1852	Whig	1850		Sanford E. Church
18	Horatio Seymour	January 1, 1853 – December 31, 1854	Democratic	1852		Sanford E. Church
19	Myron H. Clark	January 1, 1855 – December 31, 1856	Whig (fusion)	1854		Henry Jarvis Raymond
20	John A. King	January 1, 1857 – December 31, 1858	Republican	1856		Henry R. Selden
21	Edwin D. Morgan	January 1, 1859 – December 31, 1862	Republican	1858		Robert Campbell
21	Edwin D. Morgan	January 1, 1859 – December 31, 1862	Republican	1860		Robert Campbell
18	Horatio Seymour	January 1, 1863 – December 31, 1864	Democratic	1862		David R. Floyd-Jones
22	Reuben Fenton	January 1, 1865 – December 31, 1868	Union	1864		Thomas G. Alvord
22	Reuben Fenton	January 1, 1865 – December 31, 1868	Union	1866		Stewart L. Woodford
23	John T. Hoffman	January 1, 1869 – December 31, 1872	Democratic	1868		Allen C. Beach
23	John T. Hoffman	January 1, 1869 – December 31, 1872	Democratic	1870		Allen C. Beach
24	John Adams Dix	January 1, 1873 – December 31, 1874	Republican	1872		John C. Robinson
25	Samuel J. Tilden	January 1, 1875 – December 31, 1876	Democratic	1874		William Dorsheimer
26	Lucius Robinson	January 1, 1877 – December 31, 1879	Democratic	1876		William Dorsheimer
27	Alonzo B. Cornell	January 1, 1880 – December 31, 1882	Republican	1879		George Gilbert Hoskins
28	Grover Cleveland	January 1, 1883 – January 6, 1885	Democratic	1882		David B. Hill
29	David B. Hill	January 6, 1885 – December 31, 1891	Democratic	1882		Dennis McCarthy (acting)
				1885		Edward F. Jones
				1888		Edward F. Jones
30	Roswell P. Flower	January 1, 1892 – December 31, 1894	Democratic	1891		William F. Sheehan
31	Levi P. Morton	January 1, 1895 – December 31, 1896	Republican	1894		Charles T. Saxton
32	Frank S. Black	January 1, 1897 – December 31, 1898	Republican	1896		Timothy L. Woodruff
33	Theodore Roosevelt	January 1, 1899 – December 31, 1900	Republican	1898
34	Benjamin Odell	January 1, 1901 – December 31, 1904	Republican	1900
34	Benjamin Odell	January 1, 1901 – December 31, 1904	Republican	1902		Frank W. Higgins
35	Frank W. Higgins	January 1, 1905 – December 31, 1906	Republican	1904		Matthew Linn Bruce
35	Frank W. Higgins	January 1, 1905 – December 31, 1906	Republican	1904		John Raines (acting)
36	Charles Evans Hughes	January 1, 1907 – October 6, 1910	Republican	1906		Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler
36	Charles Evans Hughes	January 1, 1907 – October 6, 1910	Republican	1908		Horace White
37	Horace White	October 6, 1910 – December 31, 1910	Republican	1908		George H. Cobb (acting)
38	John Alden Dix	January 1, 1911 – December 31, 1912	Democratic	1910		Thomas F. Conway
39	William Sulzer	January 1, 1913 – October 17, 1913	Democratic	1912		Martin H. Glynn
40	Martin H. Glynn	October 17, 1913 – December 31, 1914	Democratic	1912		Robert F. Wagner (acting)
41	Charles Seymour Whitman	January 1, 1915 – December 31, 1918	Republican	1914		Edward Schoeneck
41	Charles Seymour Whitman	January 1, 1915 – December 31, 1918	Republican	1916		Edward Schoeneck
42	Al Smith	January 1, 1919 – December 31, 1920	Democratic	1918		Harry C. Walker
43	Nathan L. Miller	January 1, 1921 – December 31, 1922	Republican	1920		Jeremiah Wood
43	Nathan L. Miller	January 1, 1921 – December 31, 1922	Republican	1920		Clayton R. Lusk (acting)
42	Al Smith	January 1, 1923 – December 31, 1928	Democratic	1922		George R. Lunn
				1924		Seymour Lowman
				1926		Edwin Corning
44	Franklin D. Roosevelt	January 1, 1929 – December 31, 1932	Democratic	1928		Herbert H. Lehman
44	Franklin D. Roosevelt	January 1, 1929 – December 31, 1932	Democratic	1930		Herbert H. Lehman
45	Herbert H. Lehman	January 1, 1933 – December 3, 1942	Democratic	1932		M. William Bray
				1934
				1936
				1938		Charles Poletti
46	Charles Poletti	December 3, 1942 – December 31, 1942	Democratic	1938		Joe R. Hanley (acting)
47	Thomas E. Dewey	January 1, 1943 – December 31, 1954	Republican	1942		Thomas W. Wallace
				1946		Joe R. Hanley
				1950		Frank C. Moore
						Arthur H. Wicks (acting)
						Walter J. Mahoney (acting)
48	W. Averell Harriman	January 1, 1955 – December 31, 1958	Democratic	1954		George DeLuca
49	Nelson Rockefeller	January 1, 1959 – December 18, 1973	Republican	1958		Malcolm Wilson
				1962
				1966
				1970
50	Malcolm Wilson	December 18, 1973 – December 31, 1974	Republican	1970		Warren M. Anderson (acting)
51	Hugh Carey	January 1, 1975 – December 31, 1982	Democratic	1974		Mary Anne Krupsak
51	Hugh Carey	January 1, 1975 – December 31, 1982	Democratic	1978		Mario Cuomo
52	Mario Cuomo	January 1, 1983 – December 31, 1994	Democratic	1982		Alfred DelBello
				1982		Warren M. Anderson (acting)
				1986		Stan Lundine
				1990		Stan Lundine
53	George Pataki	January 1, 1995 – December 31, 2006	Republican	1994		Betsy McCaughey Ross
				1998		Mary Donohue
				2002		Mary Donohue
54	Eliot Spitzer	January 1, 2007 – March 17, 2008	Democratic	2006		David Paterson
55	David Paterson	March 17, 2008 – December 31, 2010	Democratic			Joseph Bruno (acting)
						Dean Skelos (acting)
						Malcolm Smith (acting)
						Pedro Espada Jr. (acting)
						Richard Ravitch (Contested)
						Malcolm Smith (acting)
						Richard Ravitch
56	Andrew Cuomo	January 1, 2011 – Incumbent	Democratic	2010		Robert Duffy
				2014		Kathy Hochul
				2018		Kathy Hochul

Other high offices held

This is a table of congressional and other federal offices, and ranking diplomatic positions to foreign countries held by New York governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented New York.

* Denotes those offices for which the governor resigned the governorship.

† Denotes those offices from which the governor resigned to take the governorship.

Governor	Gubernatorial term	U.S. Congress		Other offices held	Source
Governor	Gubernatorial term	House	Senate	Other offices held	Source
George Clinton	1777–1795 1801–1804			Delegate to the Continental Congress, Vice President of the United States
John Jay	1795–1801			President of the Continental Congress, U.S. Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Minister to Spain, Chief Justice of the United States†
Daniel D. Tompkins	1807–1817	H		Vice President of the United States*
DeWitt Clinton	1817–1822 1825–1828		S
Nathaniel Pitcher	1828	H
Martin Van Buren	1829		S†	U.S. Secretary of State*, Minister to the United Kingdom, Vice President of the United States, President of the United States
Enos T. Throop	1829–1832	H
William L. Marcy	1833–1838		S†	U.S. Secretary of War, U.S. Secretary of State
William H. Seward	1839–1842		S	U.S. Secretary of State
Silas Wright	1845–1846	H	S†
John Young	1847–1848	H
Hamilton Fish	1849–1850	H	S	U.S. Secretary of State
Washington Hunt	1851–1852	H
John Alsop King	1857–1858	H
Edwin D. Morgan	1859–1862		S
Reuben Fenton	1865–1868	H†	S
John Adams Dix	1873–1874		S	Minister to France, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury
Grover Cleveland	1883–1885			President of the United States*
David B. Hill	1885–1891		S
Roswell P. Flower	1892–1894	H
Levi P. Morton	1895–1896	H		Minister to France, Vice President of the United States
Frank S. Black	1897–1898	H†
Theodore Roosevelt	1899–1900			Vice President of the United States, President of the United States
Benjamin B. Odell, Jr.	1901–1904	H
Charles Evans Hughes	1907–1910			U.S. Secretary of State, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court*, Chief Justice of the United States.
William Sulzer	1913	H†
Martin H. Glynn	1913–1914	H
Franklin D. Roosevelt	1929–1932			President of the United States
Herbert H. Lehman	1933–1942		S
W. Averell Harriman	1955–1958			U.S. Secretary of Commerce, Ambassador to the United Kingdom, Ambassador to the Soviet Union
Nelson Rockefeller	1959–1973			Vice President of the United States
Hugh Carey	1975–1982	H†
Andrew Cuomo	2011—			U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

Living former Governors of New York

اعتبارا من سبتمبر 2018^[تحديث], there are three living former Governors of New York, the oldest being George Pataki (served from 1995 to 2006, born 1945). The most recent governor to die was Mario Cuomo (served from 1983 to 1994, born 1932), on January 1, 2015; he is also the most recently serving governor to have died.

Governor	Gubernatorial term	Date of birth (and age)
George Pataki	1995–2006	(1945-06-24) يونيو24, 1945 (age 74)
Eliot Spitzer	2007–2008	(1959-06-10) يونيو10, 1959 (age 60)
David Paterson	2008–2010	(1954-05-20) مايو20, 1954 (age 66)

Notes

^ تشير دساتير الولاية إلى هذا المنصب على أنه "الرئيس المؤقت لمجلس الشيوخ".
^ في 22 سبتمبر 2009 ، أيدت محكمة نيويورك للاستئناف حق حاكم لتعيين محافظ ملازم لملء الشاغر.
^ Tompkins resigned to be Vice President of the United States. As lieutenant governor, Tayler acted as governor until a successor was elected.
^ Clinton died in office; as lieutenant governor, Pitcher succeeded him.
^ Van Buren resigned to be United States Secretary of State; as lieutenant governor, Throop succeeded him.
^ First term under an 1874 amendment to the constitution, which lengthened terms to three years.
^ Cleveland resigned to be President of the United States; as lieutenant governor, Hill succeeded him.
^ First term under the 1894 constitution, which shortened terms to two years.
^ Hughes resigned to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; as lieutenant governor, White succeeded him.
^ Sulzer was impeached and removed from office for campaign contribution fraud; as lieutenant governor, Glynn succeeded him.
^ First term under the 1938 constitution, which lengthened terms to four years.
^ Lehman resigned to be Director of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations at the U.S. Department of State; as lieutenant governor, Poletti succeeded him.
^ Rockefeller resigned to devote himself to his Commission on Critical Choices for Americans; as lieutenant governor, Wilson succeeded him.
^ Elected as Betsy McCaughey, but married and changed name in 1995.
^ Spitzer resigned due to a prostitution scandal; as lieutenant governor, Paterson succeeded him.
^ Espada was a Democrat, but combined with the Republicans in a change of leadership which triggered the 2009 New York State Senate leadership crisis.
^ Ravitch was appointed on July 8, 2009, but the appointment was contested in the courts. On August 20, the Appellate Division rejected the appointment, and Ravitch vacated the office.
^ Smith succeeded Espada on Julyتسعة as temporary President of the New York State Senate, and claimed to be Acting Lieutenant Governor under the provisions of the New York State Constitution while the appointment of Ravitch was contested.
^ On September 22, the New York Court of Appeals reversed the Appellate Division's ruling, and thus re-instated Ravitch to the lieutenant governorship, beginning on July 8.
^ Cuomo's third term began January 1, 2019, and will expire December 31, 2022.

References

General

"Governors of New York". State of New York. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
"Governors Database: New York". National Governors Association. National Governors Association. 2008. Archived from the original on November 1, 2007. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
Jenkins, John Stilwell (1851). . Auburn N.Y.: Derby and Miller. p. 862.

Constitutions

"New York Constitution". New York Department of State. Archived from the original on July 23, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2010.
"1777 New York Constitution of New York". The Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York. Retrieved July 12, 2010.
"1821 New York Constitution". The Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York. Retrieved July 12, 2010.
"1894 New York Constitution". The Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York. Retrieved July 12, 2010.

Specific

^ New York Constitution article IV, § 3.
^ New York Constitution article IV, § 7.
^ New York Constitution article IV, § 4.
^ "Governors of New York". State of New York. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
^ McFadden, Robert D. (December 3, 2007). "Moses Weinstein, 95, Legislator and Judge, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved September 7, 2008.
^ 1777 New York Constitution, article XVIII.
^ "Governors of New York". New York Department of State. Archived from the original on March 21, 2008. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
^ 1821 New York Constitution article III, § 1.
^ 1821 New York Constitution article I, § 15.
^ 1821 New York Constitution article I, § 16.
^ John Joseph Lalor, ed. (1883). "New York". Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States. II. Chicago: Melbert B. Cary & Company. p. 1017. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
^ 1894 New York Constitution article IV, § 1
^ New York Constitution article IV, § 1.
^ 1777 New York Constitution, article X.
^ New York Constitution, article IV § 5.
^ New York Constitution, article IV § 6.
^ "Executive Branch of the Several States". The Green Papers. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
^ "Clinton, George". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. July 12, 2010.
^ "John Jay". The Supreme Court Historical Society. Archived from the original on July 10, 2010. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
^ "Tompkins, Daniel D." Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. July 12, 2010.
^ "Clinton, DeWitt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. July 12, 2010.
^ "Pitcher, Nathaniel". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. July 12, 2010.
^ "Martin, Van Buren". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. March 28, 2008.
^ "Throop, Enos Thompson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. July 12, 2010.
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