قصف استراتيجي
القصف الاستراتيجي Strategic bombing، هي استراتيجية عسكرية استخدمت في الحرب الكاملة بهدف هزيمة العدوعن طريق تدمير قدرته الاقتصادية والإرادة الشعبية على خوض الحرب بدلاً من تدمير قواته البرية والبحرية. وهوتعبير عن هجوم منظم وممنهج من الجويتم فيها الاستفادة من القاذفات الاستراتيجية، الصواريخ طويلة ومتوسطة المدى، أوالطائرات القاذفة المقاتلة ذات الذراع النووي، للهجوم على الأهداف الحيوية في خلق قدرة العدوعلى خوض الحرب.
التعريف
الطرق المستخدمة لتوصيل الذخيرة
معنويات العدووالتفجير الإرهابي
تطور مصطلح "التفجير الإرهابي"
التاريخ
الحرب العالمية الأولى
Interbellum
الحرب العالمية الثانية
الحرب الباردة
بعد الحرب البارزة
التقدم الكنولوجي
القصف الجوي والقانون الدولي
أحداث القصف الاستراتيجي
رواد القصف الاستراتيجي
- هنري هـ. أرنولد، القوات الجيش الأمريكية
- Giulio Douhet, Regia Aeronautica (إيطاليا)
- أرثر هاريس، القوات الجوية الملكية
- كورتيس لومادي، القوات الجوية الأمريكية
- بيل ميتشل، مشاة البحرية الأمريكية
- ألكسندر پ. دوسڤرسكي في الفوز عن طريق القوة الجوية، (كتاب 1942 وفيلم 1943)
- كارل سپاتز، القوات الجوية الأمريكية
- هيوترنتشارد، القوات الجوية الملكية
انظر أيضاً
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المصادر
- الهوامش
- المراجع
المصادر
- Algeo, John (1993). Fifty years among the new words: a dictionary of neologisms, 1941-1991 (2, reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- Axinn, Sidney (2008). A Moral Military. Temple University Press. ISBN .
- Brower, Charles F. (1998). World War II in Europe: the final year: Roosevelt Study Center. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN .
-
Boyne, Walter J. (1994). Clash of Wings: World War II in the Air. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 343, 344. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/isbn?|<sup>isbn?</sup>]] Check
|isbn=
value: invalid character (help). -
Copp, Terry (September/October 1996). "The Bomber Command Offensive". originally published in the Legion Magazine. Check date values in:
|date=
(help)CS1 maint: date and year (link) -
Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978a). Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare. 9. London: Phoebus. p. 969. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) -
Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978b). Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare. 16. London: Phoebus. pp. 1736, 1697, 1700. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - Fritz, Stephen G. (2004). Endkampf: soldiers, civilians, and the death of the Third Reich (illustrated ed.). University Press of Kentucky. ISBN .
- Hayward, Joel (2009). Air Power, Insurgency and the "War on Terror". Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies. ISBN .
- Hessel, Peter (2005). The Mystery of Frankenberg's Canadian Airman (illustrated ed.). James Lorimer & Company. ISBN .
- Kochavi, Arieh J. (2005). Confronting captivity: Britain and the United States and their POWs in Nazi Germany (illustrated ed.). UNC Press Books. ISBN .
- Lewis, Peter M. H. (1994). "B-29 Superfortress". In Grolier Incorporated (ed.). Academic American Encyclopedia. 10. Grolier Incorporated. ISBN .
- Longmate, Norman (1983). The Bombers: The RAF offensive against Germany 1939-1945. Hutchinson. ISBN .
- Lovell, George (2000). Consultancy, Ministry & Mission. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 10. ISBN .
- Myrdal, Alva (1977). The game of disarmament: how the United States and Russia run the arms race. Manchester University Press ND. ISBN .
- Omissi, David (1990). Manchester University Press. ISBN .
- Overy, R. J. (2005). The air war, 1939-1945. Brassey's. ISBN .
- Taylor, Frederick (2005). Dresden: Tuesday 13 February 1945. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN .
قراءات إضافية
- Biddle, Tami Davis. Rhetoric and Reality in Air Warfare: The Evolution of British and American Ideas about Strategic Bombing, 1914-1945 (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics) (2004)
- Boog, Horst, ed. The Conduct of the Air War in the Second World War (1992)
- Boog, Horst, ed. Germany and the Second World War: Volume VII: The Strategic Air War in Europe and the War in the West and East Asia, 1943-1944/5 (Oxford UP, 2006), 928pp official German history volسبعة excerpt and text search; online edition
- Buckley, John (1999). Air Power in the Age of Total War. Indiana University Press. ISBN .
- Clodfelter, Mark. "Aiming to Break Will: America's World War II Bombing of German Morale and its Ramifications", Journal of Strategic Studies, June 2010, Vol. 33 Issue 3, pp 401–435
- Clodfelter, Mark. Beneficial Bombing: The Progressive Foundations of American Air Power, 1917-1945 (University of Nebraska Press; 2010) 347 pages
- Craven, Wesley Frank and James Lea Cate. The Army Air Forces in World War II (6 vol 1958), official USAF history
- Davis, Richard G. "Bombing Strategy Shifts, 1944-45", Air Power History 39 (1989) 33-45
- Franklin, Noble, and Charles Webster. The Strategic Air Offensive against Germany, 1939-1945 (4 volumes, 1961), official RAF history
- Futrell, Robert Frank. Ideas, concepts, doctrine: A history of basic thinking in the United States Air Force, 1907-1964 (2 vol 1974)
- Griffith, Charles. The quest: Haywood Hansell and American strategic bombing in World War II (1999) online edition
- Hansell, Jr., Haywood S. Air Plan That Defeated Hitler (1980) online version
- Kennett, Lee B. A History of Strategic Bombing (1982)
- Koch, H. W. "The Strategic Air Offensive against Germany: the Early Phase, May–September 1940." The Historical Journal, 34 (March 1991) pp 117–41. online at JSTOR
- Levine, Alan J. The Strategic Bombing of Germany, 1940-1945 (1992) online edition
- MacIsaac, David. Strategic Bombing in World War Two (1976)
- Messenger, Charles. "Bomber" Harris and the Strategic Bombing Offensive, 1939-1945 (1984), defends Harris
- Overy. Richard. "The Means to Victory: Bombs and Bombing" in Overy, Why the Allies Won (1995), pp 101–33
- Sherry, Michael. The Rise of American Air Power: The Creation of Armageddon (1987), important study 1930s-1960s
- Smith, Malcolm. "The Allied Air Offensive", Journal of Strategic Studies 13 (Mar 1990) 67-83
- Spaight. James M. G. Bles, 1944. ASIN: B0007IVW7K (Spaight was Principal Assistant Secretary of the Air Ministry) (U.K)
- Verrier, Anthony. The Bomber Offensive (1968), British
- Webster, Charles and Noble Frankland, The Strategic Air Offensive Against Germany, 1939-1945 (HMSO, 1961), أربعة vol. Important official British history
- Werrell, Kenneth P. "The Strategic Bombing of Germany in World War II: Costs and Accomplishments", Journal of American History 73 (1986) 702-713; good place to start. in JSTOR
- Werrell, Kenneth P. Death From the Heavens: A History of Strategic Bombing (2009)