انتفاضة الأقصى
| انتفاضة الأقصى | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| جزء من الصراع الإسرائيلي الفلسطيني والصراع الإسرائيلي العربي | |||||||
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في اتجاه عقارب الساعة من أعلى: A masked Palestinian militant, Palestinian children throwing rocks in Hebron, a soldier patrolling in front of the West Bank Barrier, aftermath of the Mercaz HaRav massacre | |||||||
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| الخصوم | |||||||
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إسرائيل
|
منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية
حركة حماس |
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| القادة والزعماء | |||||||
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أرئيل شارون |
ياسر عهدات |
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| الخسائر | |||||||
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29.09.2000 – 26.12.2008: 1,063 Israelis total:- 731 Israeli civilians killed by Palestinians; - 332 Israeli security force personnel killed by Palestinians |
29.09.2000 – 26.12.2008: 5,516 Palestinians total (4,907 by Israel):- 4,860 Palestinians killed by Israeli security forces;* - 47 Palestinians killed by Israeli civilians; - 609 Palestinians killed by Palestinians Thousands detained |
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64 Foreign citizens total: - 54 Foreign citizens killed by Palestinians; -عشرة Foreign citizens killed by Israeli security forces | |||||||
| *For the controversial issue of the Palestinian civilian/combatant breakdown, see Casualties. | |||||||
مذبحة الأقصى الثالثة، حيث قام شارون بزيارة إلى المسجد الأقصى يوم الخميس 28/9/2000م الأمر الذي اعتبره الفلسطينيون تدنيس لأرض المسجد الطاهر هذا أدى إلى قبام الشباب الفلسطيني المسلم بالتصدي له لإفشال زيارته رغم أنه كان بحماية 3000 جندي محتل.
وفي اليوم التالي الجمعة 29/9/2000م قام جنود الاحتلال بفتح النيران على رؤوس المصلين قبل التسليم من صلاة الجمعة وجرت لقاءات في ساحات الأقصى بين المصلين وجنود الاحتلال أسفرت عن سبعة شهداء و250 جريحا ، ثم امتدت الاشتباكات إلى جميع أراتى فلسطين والضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة ومناطق الـ 48 مما شكل بداية للانتفاضة المباركة الثانية، وقدم فيها المسلمون في الأرض المباركة مئات الشهداء وآلاف الجرحى دفاعًا عن دينهم وأقصاهم.
خلفية
بدء الانتفاضة الثانية
Immediate background of the Second Intifada
نظرة عامة
خلفية
ياسر عهدات
خط زمني
نطقب:Timeline of Intifadas
2000
شارون يزور جبل الهيكل
أحداث أكتوبر 2000
Aziz Salha, one of the lynchers, waving his blood-stained hands from the police station window.
Sbarro pizza restaurant bombing in Jerusalem, in which 15 Israeli civilians were killed and 130 wounded by a Hamas suicide bomber.
Military equipment confiscated from Karine A
Israeli soldiers in Nablus, during Operation Defensive Shield.
جنين
IDF Caterpillar D9 armoured bulldozers were used to clear explosive traps and razed buildings around Jenin to facilitate IDF operations.
بيت لحم
2003
2004
2005
2006
حرب غزة
Rocket and mortar shells from Gaza into Israel, February 2009
نهاية الانتفاضة
التكتيكات
الفلسطينيون
إسرائيل
IDF Caterpillar D9 armoured bulldozer. Military experts cited the D9 as a key factor in keeping IDF casualties low.
The Israeli Air Force (IAF) AH-64 Apache were used as platform for shooting guided missiles at Palestinian targets and employed at the targeted killings policy against senior militants and terrorists leaders.
التدخل الدولي
تأثيرها على اتفاقيات اوسلو
الخسائر
| ██ إجمالي الإسرائيليين | ██ إجمالي الفلسطينيين |
| ██ Israeli breakdown | ██ Palestinian breakdown |
The chart is based on B'Tselem casualty numbers. It does not include the 577 Palestinians killed by Palestinians.
| المقاتلون | نسبة الشهداء الفلسطينيين |
|---|---|
| إجمالي المقاتلون | 44.8% |
| مقاتلون محتملون | 8.3% |
| Violent Protesters | 1.6% |
| إجمالي المقاتلين | 54.7% |
التكاليف الاقتصادية
انظر أيضا
الصراع الإسرائيلي الفلسطيني، نظرة عامة
- مؤتمر طابا
- الانتفاضة الأولى
- اتفاقيات أوسلو
- Israel's unilateral disengagement plan
- جدار إسرائيلي عازل
- Unconventional warfare
- House demolition in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
- قائمة النزاعات المعاصرة في الشرق الأوسط
هوامش
- The word intifada (انتفاضة) is an Arabic word meaning "the shaking off".
-
^ المراجع:
- Years of Rage Amos Harel and Avi Issacharoff, Haaretz, January 1, 2010
- Losing faith in the intifada Laura King, LA Times, September 28, 2004
- From Jenin to Falluja Jackson Diehl, Washingpost 27 Sept 2004
- The Intifada is over – just listen Zeev Chafetz, July 22, 2004
- winning the counterinsurgency war- The Israeli experience Major-General (res) Yaakov Amidror
- Must Counterinsurgency Wars Fail? EuropeNews September 9, 2008
- The need for decisive victory BESA Center Perspectives Papers No. 57, January 12, 2009
- The “Defensive Shield” Operation as a Turning Point in Israel’s National Security Strategy, Dr. Wallace A. Terrill and Lieutenant Colonel Ofek Bouchriss, USAWC Strategy Research Project, U.S. Army War College
- Israel's Intifada Victory By Charles Krauthammer, Friday, June 18, 2004; Page A29
- 2nd intifada forgotton, ynet 6/22/08
- Lessons from the Palestinian "war" against Israel, Washington Institute for Near East policy, pg 14–15
- Letting the IDF win, Ynet 9/20/10
- Israel's unexpected victory over terrorism, Yossi Klein Halevi & Michael B. Oren 20 Sept 2004
- Zvi Shtauber, Yiftah Shapir, The Middle East strategic balance, 2004–2005, Sussex Academic Press (2006) p.سبعة “not defined”
- ^ , B'Tselem.
- ^ Gaza Humanitarian Situation Report. Jan. 9, 2009. OCHA oPt (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs – occupied Palestinian territory).[1]
-
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةcasualties
المراجع
-
Schulz, Helena Lindholm; Hammer, Juliane (2003). The Palestinian Diaspora: Formation of Identities and Politics of Homeland. Routledge. ISBN Check
|isbn=value: invalid character (help).
Sergio Catignani, Israeli Counter-Insurgency and the two Intifadas: Dilemmas of a Conventional Army (London: Routledge, 2008), ISBN 978-0-415-43388-4.
وصلات خارجية
غير موصفة
- Palestinian Military Performance and the 2000 Intifada
- {{{1 , {{{2 Or Commission report, investigation of the October 2000 events
- Harvest-time Killing Fuels Hatred Between Palestinians and Jewish Settlers
- BBC News: Analysis: Palestinian suicide attacks
- The Palestinian Red Crescent Society – Includes weekly reports of injuries, deaths, military detention of ambulances, and many other statistics.
- Ariel Sharon's Visit to the Temple Mount – From Ariel Sharon's Life Story, a biography
- Lessons from the Palestinian 'War' against Israel, by Lt. Gen. (ret.) Moshe Yaalon, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, January 2007
- The Second Intifada: Background and Causes of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Dr. Jeremy Pressman, 2003.
- Second Intifada Timeline
مؤيدة للفلسطينيين
- The Intifada in Palestine | intifada.com
- Palestinian National Authority State Information Service
- Palestinian Center For Human Rights
- The Electronic Intifada
- Jewish Settlers Receive Hundreds of Thousands in Compensation for Leaving Gaza While Palestinians Working for Them Get Nothing
- Israeli Settler Violence Exposes Jewish Fundamentalism
- Committee on economic, social, and cultural rights hears from NGOs on conditions in Israel and Brazil
مؤيدة لإسرائيل
- Victims of Palestinian Violence and Terrorism since September 2000
- Jewish Virtual Library: Myths & Facts Online
- Israel War against Terror
- Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center
- Who shot Mohammed al-Dura?
- The Second Draft
- Jewish Virtual Library Fatal terrorist attacks in Israel since the Declaration of Principles
نطقب:Terrorist attacks against Israelis in the 2000s
