مستقبل مرتبط بأمين نزر

المستقبلات ذات الصلة بالأمين النزر أوالمستقبلات المرتبطة بالأمين النزر (بالإنجليزية: Trace amine-associated receptor)‏ وتسمى أحيانا بمستقبلات الأمين النزر واختصارا (تار TAAR) هي قسم من المستقبلات المقترنة بالبروتين ج اكتُشفت سنة 2001. ‏ حصل TAAR1 -وهوأول ستة مستقبلات أمين نزر بشرية وظيفية- على اهتمام معتبر في البحوث الأكاديمية والصيدلانية الخاصة بسبب دوره كمستقبل داخلي المنشأ للأمينات النزرة: فينيثيلامين، تيرامين، تريبتامين (وهي مشتقات أيضية للأحماض الأمينية فينيل ألانين، تيروسين وتريبتوفان على التوالي)، إفيدرين وكذلك المنشطات النفسية المخلقة حيويا: أمفيتامين، ميثامفيتامين وMDMA. في سنة 2004، تم إظهار حتى TAAR1 الخاص بالثدييات مستقبل أيضا للثيرونأمينات، ومشتقات هرمونات الغدة الدرقية منزوعة الكربوكسيل ومنزوعة اليود. تعمل المستقبلات من TAAR2 إلى TAAR9 لدى الفقريات كمستقبلات شمية بالنسبة للعطور الأمينية المتطايرة.

مراجع

^ Borowsky B, Adham N, Jones KA, Raddatz R, Artymyshyn R, Ogozalek KL, Durkin MM, Lakhlani PP, Bonini JA, Pathirana S, Boyle N, Pu X, Kouranova E, Lichtblau H, Ochoa FY, Branchek TA, Gerald C (2001). "Trace amines: identification of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors". PNAS. 98 (16): 8966–71. doi:10.1073/pnas.151105198. PMC 55357. PMID 11459929.
^ Bunzow JR, Sonders MS, Arttamangkul S, Harrison LM, Zhang G, Quigley DI, Darland T, Suchland KL, Pasumamula S, Kennedy JL, Olson SB, Magenis RE, Amara SG, Grandy DK (2001). "Amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and metabolites of the catecholamine neurotransmitters are agonists of a rat trace amine receptor". Mol. Pharmacol. 60 (6): 1181–8. doi:10.1124/mol.60.6.1181. PMID 11723224.
^ Miller GM (January 2011). "The emerging role of trace amine-associated receptor 1 in the functional regulation of monoamine transporters and dopaminergic activity". J. Neurochem. 116 (2): 164–176. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07109.x. PMC 3005101. PMID 21073468.
^ Lam VM, Espinoza S, Gerasimov AS, Gainetdinov RR, Salahpour A (June 2015). "In-vivo pharmacology of Trace-Amine Associated Receptor 1". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 763: 136–42. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.026. PMID 26093041.
↑ Scanlan TS, Suchland KL, Hart ME, Chiellini G, Huang Y, Kruzich PJ, Frascarelli S, Crossley DA, Bunzow JR, Ronca-Testoni S, Lin ET, Hatton D, Zucchi R, Grandy DK (2004). "3-Iodothyronamine is an endogenous and rapid-acting derivative of thyroid hormone". Nat. Med. 10 (6): 638–42. doi:10.1038/nm1051. PMID 15146179.
^ Lindemann L, Hoener MC (2005). "A renaissance in trace amines inspired by a novel GPCR family". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 26 (5): 274–81. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.03.007. PMID 15860375.
^ Hart ME, Suchland KL, Miyakawa M, Bunzow JR, Grandy DK, Scanlan TS (2006). "Trace amine-associated receptor agonists: synthesis and evaluation of thyronamines and related analogues". J. Med. Chem. 49 (3): 1101–12. doi:10.1021/jm0505718. PMID 16451074.
^ Grandy DK (2007). "Trace amine-associated receptor 1-Family archetype or iconoclast?". Pharmacol. Ther. 116 (3): 355–390. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.06.007. PMC 2767338. PMID 17888514.
^ Liberles SD (October 2015). "Trace amine-associated receptors: ligands, neural circuits, and behaviors". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 34: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.001. PMC 4508243. PMID 25616211. Roles for another receptor are supported by TAAR5-independent trimethylamine anosmias in humans [32]. ... Several TAARs detect volatile and aversive amines, but the olfactory system is capable of discarding ligand-based or function-based constraints on TAAR evolution. Particular TAARs have mutated to recognize new ligands, with almost an entire teleost clade losing the canonical amine-recognition motif. Furthermore, while some TAARs detect aversive odors, TAAR-mediated behaviors can vary across species. ... The ability of particular TAARs to mediate aversion and attraction behavior provides an exciting opportunity for mechanistic unraveling of odor valence encoding.
Figure 2: Table of ligands, expression patterns, and species-specific behavioral responses for each TAAR

[pmid11459929-1] Borowsky B, Adham N, Jones KA, Raddatz R, Artymyshyn R, Ogozalek KL, Durkin MM, Lakhlani PP, Bonini JA, Pathirana S, Boyle N, Pu X, Kouranova E, Lichtblau H, Ochoa FY, Branchek TA, Gerald C (2001). "Trace amines: identification of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors". PNAS. 98 (16): 8966–71. doi:10.1073/pnas.151105198. PMC 55357. PMID 11459929.

[pmid11723224-2] Bunzow JR, Sonders MS, Arttamangkul S, Harrison LM, Zhang G, Quigley DI, Darland T, Suchland KL, Pasumamula S, Kennedy JL, Olson SB, Magenis RE, Amara SG, Grandy DK (2001). "Amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and metabolites of the catecholamine neurotransmitters are agonists of a rat trace amine receptor". Mol. Pharmacol. 60 (6): 1181–8. doi:10.1124/mol.60.6.1181. PMID 11723224.

[Miller-3] Miller GM (January 2011). "The emerging role of trace amine-associated receptor 1 in the functional regulation of monoamine transporters and dopaminergic activity". J. Neurochem. 116 (2): 164–176. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07109.x. PMC 3005101. PMID 21073468.

[In-vivo_TAAR1-4] Lam VM, Espinoza S, Gerasimov AS, Gainetdinov RR, Salahpour A (June 2015). "In-vivo pharmacology of Trace-Amine Associated Receptor 1". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 763: 136–42. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.026. PMID 26093041.

[pmid15146179-5] Scanlan TS, Suchland KL, Hart ME, Chiellini G, Huang Y, Kruzich PJ, Frascarelli S, Crossley DA, Bunzow JR, Ronca-Testoni S, Lin ET, Hatton D, Zucchi R, Grandy DK (2004). "3-Iodothyronamine is an endogenous and rapid-acting derivative of thyroid hormone". Nat. Med. 10 (6): 638–42. doi:10.1038/nm1051. PMID 15146179.

[pmid15860375-6] Lindemann L, Hoener MC (2005). "A renaissance in trace amines inspired by a novel GPCR family". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 26 (5): 274–81. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.03.007. PMID 15860375.

[pmid16451074-7] Hart ME, Suchland KL, Miyakawa M, Bunzow JR, Grandy DK, Scanlan TS (2006). "Trace amine-associated receptor agonists: synthesis and evaluation of thyronamines and related analogues". J. Med. Chem. 49 (3): 1101–12. doi:10.1021/jm0505718. PMID 16451074.

[pmid17888514-8] Grandy DK (2007). "Trace amine-associated receptor 1-Family archetype or iconoclast?". Pharmacol. Ther. 116 (3): 355–390. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.06.007. PMC 2767338. PMID 17888514.

[TAAR_2015_review_-_olfactory_TAARs-9] Liberles SD (October 2015). "Trace amine-associated receptors: ligands, neural circuits, and behaviors". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 34: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.001. PMC 4508243. PMID 25616211. Roles for another receptor are supported by TAAR5-independent trimethylamine anosmias in humans [32]. ... Several TAARs detect volatile and aversive amines, but the olfactory system is capable of discarding ligand-based or function-based constraints on TAAR evolution. Particular TAARs have mutated to recognize new ligands, with almost an entire teleost clade losing the canonical amine-recognition motif. Furthermore, while some TAARs detect aversive odors, TAAR-mediated behaviors can vary across species. ... The ability of particular TAARs to mediate aversion and attraction behavior provides an exciting opportunity for mechanistic unraveling of odor valence encoding.
Figure 2: Table of ligands, expression patterns, and species-specific behavioral responses for each TAAR

مستقبل مرتبط بأمين نزر

مراجع

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